With Election Day looming and some key
races tightening, the 2010 midterms dominated the news agenda last week,
registering their highest level of coverage to date.
For the week of October 18-24, the
congressional election cycle accounted for 38% of the newshole, up
substantially from 28% the previous week, according to the Pew Research
Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism. That also eclipsed the previous
high water mark for this year’s midterm coverage (30%), which occurred from September
13-19 when tea party candidate Christine O’Donnell won a stunning victory in
Delaware’s GOP senate primary.
Both of the central media narratives of this
campaign gained momentum last week: The battle for control of the senate,
highlighted by a number of very close races in crucial states; and the nasty
tenor of many of these campaigns, including everything from sharp-elbowed ads
to personal attacks.
One of the races that featured both of
those elements was in Kentucky. Democrat
Jack Conway has been cutting into Republican Rand Paul’s lead according to some
polls and last week, the campaign was marked by a controversial Conway ad
questioning Paul’s religious beliefs. Rand and Conway were also among the
individuals generating the most attention in last week’s campaign news.
The No. 2 story, at 12%, was the state
of the economy. For the past month, that narrative has been fueled by the issue
of fraudulent foreclosure procedures and the big news last week was that the
Bank of America had decided to resume housing foreclosures.
The week’s No. 3 story (at 5%) was a
media controversy that quickly morphed into a political issue. NPR’s firing of
analyst Juan Williams—after he said on the Fox News Channel that he gets
“nervous” and “worried” when he sees people in “Muslim garb” on planes—sparked
a debate about journalistic practices and NPR’s decision. But the episode also became
a catalyst for some conservatives to call for de-funding the public radio
outlet.
The next two topics were about the two
wars that have occupied America for the much of the past decade. News about
Afghanistan was No. 4 at 3% of the newshole, with continuing reports of
negotiations between the Taliban and the government of Hamid Karzai.
The No. 5 story (at 2%) was the release
of new documents about the war in Iraq by the whistleblower web site WikiLeaks on
October 22. Among other things that
generated headlines, the documents highlighted civilian casualties and torture
and abuse of prisoners.
Back
in the summer, in the week of July 26-August 1, WikiLeaks’ dissemination of
documents connected to the war in Afghanistan garnered about six times the
media attention: 13% of the newshole as
the No. 2 story. But some of that
discrepancy in coverage levels can be attributed to the fact that the Iraq
documents were not released until late in the week, on Friday. And in the
period from October 22-24, the story accounted for 8% of the newshole.
In another illustration the media’s
sometimes short attention span, the story of the dramatic rescue of 33 Chilean
coal miners fell to 1% of the newshole from October 18-24. That comes only a
week after the episode captivated much of the world and registered as the No. 2
story, at 21% of the newshole.
Crunch
Time for the Midterms
The 2010 elections ran the table last
week, registering as the No. 1 story in all five media sectors studied by
PEJ. As has often been the case, the
subject dominated the two sectors that include the ideological talk shows—cable
(57% of the airtime studied) and radio (52%). It also accounted for 33% of the
network TV newshole, 28% for newspapers and 23% for news web sites.
The key strategic storyline last week examined
a series of nail-biting senate races that could determine whether the
Republicans gain the 10 seats they need to control that chamber. And many media
outlets focused on the same tight races.
Examining the electoral map on the
October 19 edition of CBS’ Early Show, analyst John Dickerson concluded that at
least four of these key states in play—West Virginia, Nevada, Colorado and
Illinois—rated as tossups. Focusing in
particular on Nevada, where Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid is facing a tough
challenge from tea party-backed Sharron Angle, Dickerson called the state, “the
Democratic rescue mission.”
One day later, the Fox News America Live
program looked at the particularly rough campaign in the tossup state of
Illinois, where Republican Mark Kirk is battling Democrat Alexi Giannoulias for
Barack Obama’s old seat.
After showing footage from a debate in
which the two attacked each other, correspondent Steve Brown said, “It’s fair
to say that character is the issue which defines this race, of if you will, the
attempts by the candidates to undermine each other’s characters.” Added anchor
Megyn Kelly: “When you watch these two debate, you walk away feeling a little
sick.”
But perhaps no race got as much media
attention last week as the Kentucky contest between Republican Rand Paul and
Democrat Jack Conway. Indeed, Paul and Conway were the second- and
third-leading newsmakers in election coverage last week, registering as lead
newsmakers in 5% of the campaign stories. (To be a lead newsmaker, someone has
to be featured in at least 50% of the story.)
The catalyst for a good deal of this
coverage was a much-criticized Conway ad that focused on a prank Paul
reportedly pulled in his college days when he asked a young woman to bow down
to and worship a god he called “Aqua Buddha.”
The Conway ad charged that Paul belonged
to a “secret society that called the Holy Bible a hoax” and asked, “Why did
Rand Paul once tie a woman up, tell her to bow down before a false idol and say
his god was Aqua Buddha?”
Appearing on MSNBC’s Hardball program on
October 18, University of Louisville professor Jasmine Farrier was critical of
the spot, saying that “I think it brings Conway off message…unfortunately for
Democrats, I don’t think they can hit below the belt very effectively.”
Somewhat lost amid all this skirmishing
in key races last week was the overall sense that Republicans are likely headed
for big win on Election Day, something that political analyst Stuart Rothenberg
emphasized during an October 18 interview on NPR’s All Things Considered.
While stating that the Republicans may
not gain the needed 10 senate seats, Rothenberg projected that they could pick
up 40-50 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives (they need 39 to gain
control) and declared, “It’s going to be a big Republican year…the landscape is
tilted very strongly toward the Republicans.”
The
Rest of the Week’s News
At 12% of the newshole, coverage of the
economy was the same as the previous week and very much in keeping with recent
levels of attention. Last week, that subject generated the most attention in
the online sector (18%).
Several top themes drove the coverage
including the news that the Bank of America was restarting foreclosure procedures
in 23 states. And another element of last week’s economic coverage, about
one-quarter, focused on an overseas event—the widespread strikes and protests
in France over a government proposal to raise the retirement age from 60 to 62.
The No. 3 story, the Juan Williams
firing at NPR, accounted for 5% of the newshole for the full week. But the news
broke on October 20 and in the second half of the week (October 21-24), it was
the No. 2 story, at 13%.
NPR contended that Williams, by making
those comments about Muslims in his role as a Fox News commentator, ran afoul
of an NPR rule that prohibits taking “personal public positions on
controversial issues.” But the organization came under fire from a number of
commentators, including former Democratic New York Governor Eliot Spitzer on
his new CNN talk show.
Why did they fire him?” Spitzer
asked. “Beyond me. I love NPR, I like listening to it, but firing him was a
gargantuan mistake, just feeds the flames of the right.” His co-host, the more
conservative Kathleen Parker, agreed saying “It was outrageous… this is just
another victim of the thought police as far as I'm concerned.”
On October 24, NPR CEO
Vivian Schiller apologized for “not doing a better job of handling” Williams’ dismissal,
but defended the decision as necessary to protect NPR’s “integrity and values.”
Another aspect of narrative included calls from some conservatives—from
Fox host Bill O’Reilly to ex-Alaska governor Sarah Palin—to cut off public
funds for NPR. (An NPR spokesperson responded in an October 22 Yahoo!News
story, saying the network does not receive any direct public funding in a given
year, but gets about 1% to 2% of its funds from competitive federal grants.)
As the central figure in
this drama Williams proved to be the week’s No. 2 headline maker, registering
as a lead newsmaker in 4% of all the week’s stories, behind only Barack Obama.
Despite all this, the
Williams drama last week generated nowhere near the level of coverage of
another famous media firing. In the week of April 8-13, 2007, the dismissal of
talk show host Don Imus by CBS and NBC after he made crude racist and sexist
comments about the Rutgers University women’s basketball team was the No. 1
story, filling 26% of the newshole.
Newsmakers of the Week
From October 18-24, President
Obama was the top headline generator, registering as a lead newsmaker in 7% of
all the week’s stories—due largely to his dominant presence as a newsmaker in
the campaign coverage. The week’s No. 2 newsmaker (4%) was Juan Williams.
The third-leading newsmaker,
at 2%, was Virginia Thomas, the wife of Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas.
Thomas made news when it was learned that she had called Anita Hill—the woman
who accused Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment during his 1991 confirmation
hearings—and asked her to apologize. That was followed by the public surfacing
of Lillian McEwen, a woman who dated Thomas several decades ago and claimed
that Hill’s allegations rang true given what she knew about Thomas’s personal
habits. (Hill herself was the No. 6 newsmaker at 2%.)
The No. 4 and No. 5
newsmakers last week were the two principals in Kentucky’s bare knuckled senate
battle—Jack Conway (2%) and Rand Paul (2%).
About the NCI
PEJ’s weekly News Coverage Index examines the news agenda of 52
different outlets from five sectors of the media: print, online, network
TV, cable and radio. (See List of Outlets.)
The weekly study, which includes some 1,000 stories, is designed to
provide news consumers, journalists and researchers with hard data about
what stories and topics the media are covering, the trajectories of
that media narrative and differences among news platforms. The
percentages are based on "newshole," or the space devoted to each
subject in print and online and time on radio and TV. (See Our Methodology.)
In addition, these reports also include a rundown of the week’s leading
newsmakers, a designation given to people who account for at least 50%
of a given story.
Mark Jurkowitz of PEJ
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